Information 14/04/08.
Picornaviridae (Picornavirus)
Picornaviridae (usually called picornaviruses) are very numerous viruses that cause human diseases in animals, plants and insects. These viruses are named by their small size ( "peak") and possess an RNA genome ( "pico-RNA viruses"). Picornaviruses cause human disease very different from respiratory processes similar to common colds, to polio. These viruses affect many people and are found in respiratory secretions (saliva, sputum, nasal mucus), and feces of infected people. Species any species Enterovirus A, B, C, D, or J, are transmitted through the fecal-oral route and causes mild respiratory infections (common cold), and mouth disease (disease hand, foot and mouth ), hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, aseptic meningitis, myocarditis, neonatal septic disease, and flaccid paralysis.
Main diseases caused by Enterovirus:
Common cold; Nonspecific febrile illness; Aseptic meningitis; Bornholm disease or epidemic Pleurodynia; Pericarditis and / or myocarditis; Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis; herpangina; Foot and mouth disease; Encephalitis; Hepatitis A; poliomyelitis; Polio Syndrome-like; Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; Diabetes mellitus tipe 1.
Processes caused by Hepatovirus (hepatitis A virus)
Viral hepatitis A.
Processes caused by Kobuvirus (Aichi virus - Aichivirus, 3 serotypes)
Gastroenteritis Aichivirus serotype 1 (AIV1).
Processes caused by Parechovirus (Human Parechovirus, 14 serotypes, HPEV 1-14)
Mild gastroenteritis; Mild respiratory infections; Myocarditis;
Encephalitis.
Processes caused by Cosavirus (24 serotypes)
Diarrheal gastroenteritis.
Processes caused by Cardiovirus (Encephalomyocarditis virus, two types - EMCV 1 & 2; Theilovirus, 12 types).
Encephalomiocarditis (EMC 1 & 2); Vilyuisk encephalomyelitis virus
(Theilovirus) Vilyuisk encephalitis; Saffold virus (SAFV) (Theilovirus).
Transmission Picornaviridae (Picornavirus)
Direct contact person to person through respiratory secretions,
conjunctival, ... .; Via fecal-oral through contaminated water or
contaminated food; Indirect contact through objects
contaminated.
Tests in IVAMI:
In IVAMI we can realize the isolation of those who are cultivated in the usual cell lines. However, when not being able to cultivate some of them in the usual cell lines, we recommend the molecular diagnosis performed by RT-PCR, conserved gene, and then sequencing the amplicon obtained to define the species Enterovirus A to D; Rhinovirus A, B or C; and the type of causal virus.
Samples recommended:
The / s sample / s depends / n of the pathology suffered by the patient.
- Gastroenteritis issued stool or rectal sample after crossing anal sphincter, taken Dacron swab.
- Meningitis or encephalitis: cerebrospinal fluid obtained by puncture.
- Respiratory infections: pharyngeal or nasopharyngeal exudate Dacron swab.
- Nonspecific febrile illness: pharyngeal exudate, or better nasopharyngeal swab taken with dacron.
- Herpangina: oral lesions exudate taken Dacron swab.
- Poliomyelitis or polio-like syndrome: cerebrospinal fluid taken by puncture.
- Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis: conjunctival swab exudate taken Dacron
- Pericarditis or myocarditis: pericardial fluid puncture.
- Cold with rhinitis nasal exudate taken Dacron swab.
- Glosopeda: oral lesions exudate taken Dacron swab.
Type of packaging:
Sterile, appropriate to the type of samples.
Preservation of samples:
Frozen and refrigerated shipment to the laboratory.
Cost of testing:
Consult ivami@ivami.com