Molecular veterinary Microbiology

  1. Abalone Herpesvirus: Molecular detection (PCR)
  2. ABPV (Acute Bee Paralysis virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  3. Acanthocheilonema reconditum - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  4. Acariosis - (see Snails-Acariosis-Heliciculture-parasitic pathology in snails Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam).
  5. Acheta domesticus Densovirus (AdDNV) - Insect Parvovirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  6. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  7. Aeromonas hydrophila.
  8. Aeromonas salmonicida
  9. African Horse Sickness virus (AHSV) (Reoviridae, Orbivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  10. African swine fever virus (ASFV) (Asfarviridae, Asfivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  11. Akabane virus (Arbovirus, Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  12. American Foulbrood (AFB) of bee: Paenibacillus larvae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  13. Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) (Salmo salar, - Atlantic Salmon -)
  14. Anaplasma bovis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  15. Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  16. Anaplasma platys - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  17. Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma bovis, A.centrale, A.marginale, A.phagocytophilum, A. platys) (see each species).
  18. Ancylostoma spp. (A. caninum, A. braziliense, A. tubaeforme, A. ceylanicum) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  19. Angiostrongylus vasorum and Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  20. Angullicola crassus (Angullicoides crassus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  21. Animal Poxvirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (PCR and sequencing).
  22. Anisakis spp. - Macroscopic and microscopic exam; Molecular identification of species (see Anisakis spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  23. Anthrax (see Bacillus anthracis).
  24. Aphthous fever (see Foot-and-Mouth disease).
  25. Apicystis bombi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  26. Archaea): General concepts - Culture; Molecular identification (PCR and sequencing).
  27. Arcobacter spp. - (see in the Clinical Microbiology Area: Human and animal pathology interest and in contamination sources -water and food from animal origin-).
  28. Ascosphaera spp., Ascosphaera apis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  29. Astrovirus (see Astrovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  30. Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): Infectious diseases - Molecular diagnosis (PCR, RT-PCR and Nucleic Acid sequencing).
  31. Aujeszky disease (Ver - Suid Herpesvirus type 1; Pseudorabies; Aujeszky disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  32. Avian Adenovirus type 1 (FAD1= Celo virus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  33. Avian Encephalomyelitis - Molecular diagnosis.
  34. Avian Flu - (see Influenza A).
  35. Avian Infectious Bronchitis (Coronaviridae, Gammacoronavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  36. Avian Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus (IBV)
  37. Avian Infectious bursal (AIB); Gumboro´s Disease - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  38. Avian Infectious Bursitis (Gumboro´s disease) - (see Infectious bursal disease virus; Gumboro disease).
  39. Avian Influenza - (see Influenza A).
  40. Avian leukosis virus (ALV).
  41. Avian Leukosis virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  42. Avian metapneumovirus and other species - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  43. Avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma iowae) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  44. Avian Nephritis virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  45. Avian Orthoreovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  46. Avian Paramyxovirus types 1 to 11 - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  47. Avian Parvovirus (Galliform, Columbid, Gruiform Parvovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  48. Avian Poxvirus - (see Avipoxvirus).
  49. Avian Reovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  50. Avian Reticuloendotheliosis virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  51. Avian trichomoniasis - Trichomonas gallinae y Tetratrichomonas gallinarum: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  52. Avibacterium paragallinarum – Avian infectious coryza: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  53. Avipoxvirus: Fowl Poxvirus (FWPV), Canary Poxvirus (CNPV) or other Avipoxvirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Identification of strain / species (PCR and sequencing).
  54. Perkinsus marinus and Perkinsus olseni: Molecular detection (PCR).
  55. Porcine Coronavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  56. Babesia caballi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  57. Babesia canis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  58. Babesia divergens - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  59. Babesia gibsoni - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  60. Babesiosis (Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, B.caballi, B.canis canis, B.canis vogeli, B.canis rossi, B.equi, B.felis, B.gibsoni, B. major, B.motasi , B.ovis, B.perroncitoi, B.trautmanni) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species identification (P
  61. Bacillus anthracis - Anthrax.
  62. Bagaza Virus (Arbovirus, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  63. Bartonella bovis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  64. Bartonella clarridgeiae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  65. Bartonella henselae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  66. Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  67. Bee Nosemosis (Microsporidia - Nosema apis, Nosema bombi, Nosema ceranae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  68. Birds, identificación of species: Molecular identification (PCR and sequencing).
  69. Birnaviruses (Solea senegalensis - Sole -)
  70. Bluetongue virus.
  71. Bonamia ostreae and Bonamia exitiosa: Molecular detection (PCR).
  72. Border Disease Virus (Flaviviridae, Pestivirus) (Border disease virus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  73. Bordetella avium - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  74. Bordetella bronchiseptica - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  75. Bornavirus (Avian Bornavirus) (Bornaviridae): Avian Proventricular Dilation Disease (PDD) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  76. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. lusitaniae and other species) - Culture; IgG and IgM antibodies; Specific antibodies (immunoblot); Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  77. Borrelia spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  78. Botulism - Clostridium botulinum (see Clostridium botulinum tests in the specific Clostridium botulinum Area).
  79. Bovine adenoviruses - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  80. Bovine and feline Trichomonosis - (see Tritrichomonas fetus: Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  81. Bovine Coronavirus (Coronaviridae; IV, ss+RNA) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  82. Bovine Ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) (V, -ssRNA, Rhabdoviridae, Ephemerovirus, BEFV, Kotonkon virus (KOTV); Adelaide River virus (ARV), Berrimah virus (BRMV), Kimberley virus (KIMV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  83. Bovine Herpesvirus (Malignant Catarrhal Fever) (I, dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Gammaherpesvirinae, Macavirus, species Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (AIHV-1) and Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OHV-2) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  84. Bovine Herpesvirus type 1: Infectiuos bovine rhinotracheitis (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  85. Bovine herpesvirus type 2 (BHV2).
  86. Bovine Herpesvirus type 2 (Herpesviridae, Simplexvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  87. Bovine Herpesvirus type 5 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  88. Bovine Leukemia Virus.
  89. Bovine Norovirus.
  90. Bovine Papilloma (I, dsDNA, Papillomaviridae, Deltapapillomavirus (Fibropapillomavirus), BPV-1, BPV-2; Epsilopapillomavirus, BPV-5; Xipapapillomavirus (epitheliotropic BPVs), BPV-3, BPV-4, BPV-6 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR and s
  91. Bovine Papular Stomatitis Virus (BPSV) (see Poxvirus borne by animals)
  92. Bovine Parainfluenza type 3 (PI3) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  93. Bovine Parvovirus (BPV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  94. Bovine Piroplasmas - (see Babesiosis).
  95. Bovine Polyoma (I, dsDNA, Polyomaviridae, Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma and Deltapolyomavirus, Currently Orthopolyomavirus, type SV40; Wukipolyomavirus, type KI polyomavirus; Avipolyomavirus, type Avian Polyomavirus.
  96. Bovine Pseudocowpox virus (Milker´s nodule) (I, dsDNA, Poxviridae, Parapoxvirus, Species Pseudocowpox virus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  97. Bovine Reovirus (Reo: respiratory enteric orphan viruses) (III, dsRNA, Reoviridae, Spinareovirinae, Orthoreovirus, Species Mammalian Orthreovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  98. Bovine Respiratory Syncytial (V, -ssRNA, Pneumoviridae, Orthopneumovirus, Species Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  99. Bovine Rhinovirus (IV, +ssRNA, Picornaviridae, Enterovirus, Species Rhinovirus A, B and C) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  100. Bovine Rotavirus (III, dsRNA, Reoviridae, Sedoreovirinae, Rotavirus, Species Rotavirus A to I) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  101. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP): Molecular detection in samples of food derivatives, etc.
  102. BQCV (Black Queen Cell virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  103. Bronchothrix thermosphacta in meat and fishes spoliage: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  104. Brucella abortus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  105. Brucella canis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  106. Brucella melitensis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  107. Brucella ovis - Molecular diagnosis and identification (PCR and sequencing).
  108. Brucella spp.: Interest in human and animal pathology and food contamination - Culture; Antibodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  109. Brucella suis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  110. Bovine Viral diarrhea (BVD) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR)..
  111. Cache Valley virus (Arbovirus, Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  112. Campylobacter spp.( Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  113. Canarypoxvirus (CNPV) - (see Avipoxvirus).
  114. Canine adenovirus type 1 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  115. Canine Adenovirus type 2 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  116. Canine Coronavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  117. Canine Haemoplasmas (Haemotropic Mycoplasmas).
  118. Canine Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  119. Canine Influenza virus (CIV) (H1N1, cH3N2, cH3N8): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  120. Canine Oral Papilloma - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  121. Canine Parvovirus (CPV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  122. Caprine and ovine Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  123. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis virus -CAEV- (Retroviridae, Lentivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  124. Caprine Herpesvirus type 1) (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  125. Caprine pustule virus (Capripox virus) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  126. Capripoxvirus - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  127. Carnimonas nigrificans and other microorganisms of brown or black spots in fresh or cured meat products (hams, loins, pepperoni, sausage, ...) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  128. Carp virus (Spring viraemia).
  129. CBPV (Chronic Bee Paralysis virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  130. Chicken Anemia virus (Circoviridae, Gyrovirus, ssDNA) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR)
  131. Chlamydia ovis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  132. Chlamydophila abortus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  133. Chlamydophila caviae.
  134. Chlamydophila felis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  135. Chlamydophila pecorum.
  136. Chlamydophila pneumoniae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  137. Chlamydophila psittaci - (see Chlamydophila psittaci in the Clinical Microbiology area).
  138. Chronic and acute bee paralisis virus (CBPV y ABPV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  139. Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) (Hog cholera Virus) (Flaviviridae, Pestivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  140. Claviceps purpurea (Ergotism, Ergot) - (see Ergotism).
  141. Clostridium botulinum - (see Clostridium botulinum testing in the specific test Area).
  142. Clostridium novyi types A, B and C: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  143. Clostridium perfringens (see Clostridium perfringens in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  144. Clostridium tetani - Toxin detection (experimental inoculation and neutralization test); IgG antidodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  145. Coccidiosis (chickens) - (see Eimeria spp.).
  146. Contagious Ecthyma; Pustular Dermatitis; Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  147. Contagious Pustular Dermatitis; Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  148. Cowpox (CPXV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  149. Coxiella burnetii in food: Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  150. Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR) (See Coxiella burnetii in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  151. Crithidia bombi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  152. Cryptosporidium parvum.
  153. Cryptosporidium spp. - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  154. Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) (Goldfish).
  155. Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3).
  156. Dirofilaria repens.
  157. Distemper virus (Canine Distemper virus -CDV-) (Morbillivirus).
  158. Distemper virus in humans: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  159. DWV-A and DWV-B (Deformed Wing virus A and B): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  160. Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL).
  161. Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  162. Egg Drop virus syndrome - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  163. Ehrlichia canis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  164. Ehrlichia chaffeensis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  165. Ehrlichia ewingii - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  166. Ehrlichia risticii (currently Neorickettsia risticii) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  167. Eimeria acervulina; Other species of Eimeria.
  168. Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Encephalitozoonosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  169. Endogenous Retrovirus: Molecular diagnosis (reverse transcription for reverse transcriptase presence with BMV or TMV genome).
  170. Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Microsporidiosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  171. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
  172. Enterovirus of several animal species.
  173. Epitheliotropic Disease virus (EEDV) (Salvelinus naruaycush - Lake trout -).
  174. Epizootic Hemorrhage Disease virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  175. Equine adenoviruses (EAdV), types 1 and 2: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  176. Equine Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  177. Equine Herpesvirus type 3 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  178. Equine Herpesvirus type 4: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  179. Equine Herpesvirus type 8 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  180. Equine Herpesvirus type 9 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  181. Equine Rhinopneumonitis (Equine Herpesvirus types 1 or 4; EHV-1; EHV-4) (Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  182. Equine viral arteritis.
  183. Ergotism (Claviceps purpurea, Ergot) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing)
  184. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Strain comparison by MLST.
  185. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  186. Escherichia coli O157: H7 (stx-1 and stx-2 toxins).
  187. European Foulbrood of bees: Melissococcus plutonius - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  188. European X virus.
  189. Falcons: Main infections - Microbiological diagnosis.
  190. Feline Calicivirus (FCV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  191. Feline Haemoplasmas (Haemotropic Mycoplasma).
  192. Feline Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  193. Feline Immunodeficiency virus.
  194. Feline Infectious Peritonitis -FIP- (Feline enteric Coronavirus variant) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  195. Feline Leukemia virus.
  196. Feline Panleukopenia Parvovirus.
  197. Fish Pasteurellosis - (see Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damsela subsp. damselae.
  198. Fish Photobacteriosis - (see Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae.
  199. Fish species - Molecular identification of species.
  200. Flavobacterium columnare (Ictalurus punctatus columnaris disease-)
  201. Flavobacterium psychrophilum
  202. Flexibacter maritimus
  203. Foot and Mouth Disease - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  204. Fowl Adenovirus (FAV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  205. Fowlpox virus (FWPV) - (see Avipoxvirus).
  206. Francisella tularensis, Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis and Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  207. Gill Necrosis virus (Ictalurus punctatus, -Catfish, Gill Disease-)
  208. Glasser´s disease - (see Haemophilus parasuis).
  209. Gnathostoma spp. (Gnathosthoma spinigerum, Gnathostoma doloresi, Gnathostoma hispidum and Gnathostoma nipponicum)
  210. Goose Parvovirus (GPV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  211. Gumboro virus disease - (see infectious bursal disease, Avian Infectious Bursitis -AIB-).
  212. Haematopoietic necrosis virus (CyHV-2) (Goldfish)
  213. Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser disease) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis; Molecular typing of serovars-serotypes by sequencing.
  214. Heartworm - (see Dirofilaria immitis).
  215. Hematopoietic Necrosis virus - (see Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus).
  216. Hepatitis E virus - (see Hepatitis E virus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  217. Hepatozoon americanus (Canine American Hepatozoonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  218. Hepatozoon canis (Canine Hepatozoonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  219. Hepatozoon felis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  220. Hexamita meleagridis - (ver Spironucleus meleagridis).
  221. Histomonas meleagridis (Histomonosis or histomoniasis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  222. Hookworm: Ancylostoma spp. (A. caninum, A. tubaeforme, A. braziliense, A. ceylanicum.) - (see Ancylostoma spp.).
  223. IAPV (Israeli Acute Paralysis virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  224. Ictularid Herpesvirus-2 (IcHV-2) (Goldfish).
  225. Infections transmitted from companion animals (pets) (dogs and cats) to people, including children.
  226. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis -IBR- (Bovine Herpesvirus type 1 -BHV-1) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  227. Infectious Bursal Disease virus (Gumboro Disease Virus) - (see Avian Infectious Bursitis -AIB-).
  228. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) (Atlantic salmon)
  229. Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis virus (Rhabdoviridae, Novirhabdovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  230. Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus.
  231. Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR)..
  232. Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis (IPV) (Bovine Herpesvirus type 1) (Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  233. Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) (Salmo salar -Atlantic Salmon) (Orthomyxoviridae, Isavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  234. Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis virus (ISKNV).
  235. Influenza A (all types: H1N1, H5N1, H5N2, H7N1, etc.) -Molecular diagnosis and typing (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  236. Insect, identification of species: Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  237. Interstitial Nephritis carp virus
  238. Intestinal Adenomatous Hyperplasia (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  239. Iridoviruses (See Linfocistosis; LCDV: Lymphocystis disease virus).
  240. Jena virus (Norwalk-like) (IV, +ssRNA, Caliciviridae, Norovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  241. Johne´s Disease - (see Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis -MAP-).
  242. KBV (Kashmir Bee virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  243. Koi Herpesvirus
  244. Kudoa spp. (Class Myxozoa, Order Multivalvulida, Family Kudoidae): Diagnosis and molecular identification of species (PCR and sequencing).
  245. Largemouth Bass virus.
  246. Lawsonia intracellularis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  247. Leishmania spp. - (see Leishmania spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  248. Leporid Herpesvirus 4 (Herpesviridae, Simplexvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  249. Leporid Herpesvirus type 2 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  250. Leptospira spp. - Culture; Antibodies by microagglutination; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of serovars (sequencing) (See Leptospira spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  251. Linfocistosis (LCDV: Lymphocystis Disease virus).
  252. Listeria monocytogenes - Molecular serotyping of seven major serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 3b, 3c and 4b.
  253. Louping ill virus (LIV) (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  254. Lyme Disease - (see Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato).
  255. Lymphocystis Disease Virus - (see Linfocistosis).
  256. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) (Arenaviridae, Mammarenavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  257. Maedi-Visna virus (Retroviridae, Lentivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  258. Malassezia pachydermatis and other Malassezia species - Antifungal Suceptibility tests.
  259. Malignant Catarrhal Fever - (see Bovine Herpesvirus -Malignant Catarrhal fever-).
  260. Marek Disease virus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  261. Marteilia refringens: Molecular detection (PCR).
  262. Meat: Animal meat species - Detection and animal species identification in meat food or animal feed - Molecular methods (PCR and sequencing).
  263. Meat sex, Bovine meat sex - Molecular testing.
  264. Melisococcus plutonius: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  265. Melissococcus plutonius: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  266. Mesocestoides spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  267. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in meat products - Culture; Molecular detection of MRSA; Molecular typing SCCmec, ST (MLST) and spa.
  268. Microsporidia spp. - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  269. Monkey Poxvirus (MPXV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  270. Morbillivirus (Canine distemper virus -CDV) - (see Distemper virus).
  271. Murine Norovirus.
  272. Murine Parvovirus (Minute virus of mice -MVM-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  273. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis – Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  274. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis -MAP- (Johne´s disease).
  275. Mycobacterium chelonae (Salmonids).
  276. Mycobacterium spp. (Any species).
  277. Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification.
  278. Mycoplasma agalactiae (Contagious agalactia) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  279. Mycoplasma bovis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  280. Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia –CCP-) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  281. Mycoplasma felis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  282. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Chronic Respiratory disease of poultry; Avian Infectious sinusitis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  283. Mycoplasma gallisepticum - (see Avian Mycoplasmosis).
  284. Mycoplasma goodi.
  285. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Feline infectious anemia; Feline Hemotropic mycoplasmosis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  286. Mycoplasma haemolamae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  287. Mycoplasma haemominutum (Feline Infectious anemia) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  288. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Porcine enzootic pneumonia) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  289. Mycoplasma hyorhinis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  290. Mycoplasma iowae . (see Avian mycoplasmosis).
  291. Mycoplasma mycoides - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides.
  292. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype LC (Large colonies) - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides).
  293. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype SC (Small colonies) - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides group).
  294. Mycoplasma putrefaciens - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides group).-
  295. Mycoplasma synoviae - (see Avian mycoplasmosis).
  296. Mycotoxins - Mycotoxicosis - Fungi producers in digestive tract samples of animals, grains, feed, plants, soil, ..., - Fungal cultures; Molecular diagnosis of genes codifying for mycotoxins (PCR and sequencing).
  297. Myxobolus cerebralis (Salmonidae; Rainbow trout: Oncorhynchus)
  298. Myxoma virus (Myxomatosis) (Poxviridae, Chordopoxvirinae, Leporipoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  299. Myxomatosis (Leporipoxvirus) - (see Myxoma virus).
  300. Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, Myxozoan (Proliferative Kidney Disease, Salmo salar -Atlantic Salmon-).
  301. Nairobisheep disease virus (Orthonairovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  302. Neoparamoeba pemaguidensis (Amoebic Gill Disease, -Salmonids-).
  303. Neopestalotiopsis / Pestalotiopsis: Molecular detection (PCR).
  304. Neorickettsia risticii (before Ehrlichia risticii) (see Ehrlichia risticii).
  305. Neosporosis (Neospora caninum) - Microscopic exam and molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  306. Neospora hughesi (Protozoan equine meningoencephalitis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  307. Nervous Necrosis - (see Viral Nervous Necrosis -VNN-).
  308. Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) - (see Viral Nervous Necrosis).
  309. Newcastle Disease virus (Avian Paramyxovirus type 1) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  310. Nodavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR) - Molecular diagnosis.
  311. Nodular Contagious Dermatitis (Lumpy Skin Disease) (I, dsDNA, Poxviridae, Capripoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  312. Orf virus (ORFV) (Ovine Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  313. Ovine Papilloma types 1, 2 and 3 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  314. Ovine Pulmonary Adenomatosis (Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus -JRSV-) (Retroviridae, Betaretrovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  315. Ovine Respiratory Syncitial virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  316. Pancreatic disease (PD) (Altlantic Salmon, Salmo salar).
  317. Parainfluenza virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  318. Paravaccinia (Pseudocowpox virus) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  319. Partridges and other related birds: Infection in the red-legged partridge, grey and chukar partridges, phaisans and other related gamebirds - Microbiological diagnosis
  320. Parvicapsula minibicornis (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).
  321. Pasteurella multocida and other Pasteurella spp.
  322. Peste des petits rumiants virus (Morbillivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR)
  323. Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damsela subsp. damselae: Fish Pasteurellosis (Photobacteriosis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  324. Photobacterium phosphoreum - fish spoilage bacteria: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  325. Pig erysipela - (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  326. Piscirickettsia salmonis.
  327. Plasmodium gallinaceum – Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  328. Plasmodium knowlesi - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  329. Plesiomonas shigelloides – Culture; identification; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  330. Pneumovirus (Avian Pneumovirus -APV-; Bovine respiratory syncitial virus -BRSV-; Pneumonia virus of mice -PVM-) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  331. Porcine Adenovirus (PAV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  332. Porcine Circovirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  333. Porcine Cytomegalovirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  334. Porcine dysentery - (see Serpulina hyodysenteriae).
  335. Porcine Encephalomyocarditis virus (Picornaviridae, Cardiovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  336. Porcine Enterovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  337. Porcine intestinal adenomatosis (IA) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  338. Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  339. Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  340. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  341. Porcine Rotavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  342. Porcine Torovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  343. Porcine Torque Teno Virus (TTV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  344. Proliferative Hemorrhagic Enteropathy (PHE) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis ).
  345. Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) (Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, -Rainbow trout-).
  346. Prototheca spp.: Interest in human and animal pathology and in enviromental contamination sources (environmental samples, foods and animal samples): Culture; Molecular identification(PCR and sequencing) - (see in the Water Microbiology A
  347. Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  348. Pseudomonas anguilliseptica (Sparus aurata).
  349. Psychrophiles Clostridia in meat products (Clostridium estertheticum and Clostridium gasigenes): Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  350. Pustule - (see by species of animals affected).
  351. Rabbit Enteric Coronavirus (Coronaviridae) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  352. Rabbit kidney Vacuolating virus (RKV) (Polyomavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  353. Rabbit myxoma virus - (see Myxoma virus).
  354. Rabbit Parvovirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  355. Rabbit Poxvirus - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  356. Rabbitt Hemorrhagic Disease virus (RHDV) (Caliciviridae, Lagovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  357. Rabies virus (See Rabies tests in the Rabies tests specific area).
  358. Renibacterium salmoniarum (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Rainbow trout -; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Bacterial kidney disease).
  359. Respiratory and intestinal Coronavirus.
  360. RGNNV (Redspotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus) - (see Viral Nervous Necrosis).
  361. Riccardoella limacum - (see Snails, Acariosis, Heliciculture, Parasitic pathology in Snails Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam).
  362. Rift Valley Fever Virus (Arbovirus, Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  363. Rinderpest (V, -ssRNA, Paramixoviridae, Morbillivirus, Species Rinderpest Morbillivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  364. Rinderpest virus (RPV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  365. River Ross virus (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  366. Rotavirus (Reoviridae, Rotavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  367. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serov. pullorum - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  368. Salmonella enterica subsp enterica - Molecular antigenic typing; Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Antibodies to antigens O and H; Molecular comparison of strains.
  369. Salmonid alphavirus (SAV), SAV1 and SAV3 subtypes (Salmo salar).
  370. Sarcocystis tenella - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  371. SARS Coronavirus.
  372. SBV (Sacbrood virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  373. Schmallenberg virus (Arbovirus, Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  374. Screwworm - Cochliomyia hominivorax and Chrysomya bezziana larvae producing miasis: Microscopic exam; Molecular identification of species (PCR and sequencing).
  375. Serpulina hyodysenteriae (Swine Dysentery): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  376. Sex determination in bovine meat - (see in the "Identification of Animal species in meat or fish products Area).
  377. Shewanella putrefaciens - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  378. Shope fibroma virus (SFV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  379. Sleeping Disease virus of salmonids.
  380. Snails-Acariosis-Helicicultura-parasitic pathology in snails. Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam.
  381. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Aspergillus spp.: Quantitative culture; Identification.
  382. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Fusarium spp.: Microscopic exam; Culture; Identification.
  383. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Verticillium spp.: Microscopic exam; Identification.
  384. Snails – Infectious pathology by Pseudomonas spp.: Culture; Identification.
  385. Snails – Parasitic pathology by Nematodes: Microscopic exam; Identification.
  386. Sphaerothecum destruens - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  387. Spironucleus meleagridis (syn. Hexamita meleagridis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  388. Strawberry Coldwater Disease (Oncorhynchus mykiss - Rainbow trout -).
  389. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B) (Bovine mastitis) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  390. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  391. Suid Herpesvirus type 1 (Pseudorabies; Aujeszky disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR)
  392. Suid Herpesvirus type 1 (Pseudorabies, Aujeszky disease) (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  393. Swine Influenza virus.
  394. Surra - (see Trypanosoma evansi - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis -PCR-)
  395. Swine erysipela - (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  396. Swine Herpesvirus (Suid Alphaherrpevirus 1 - Pseudorabies; Suid betaherpesvirus 2 - Porcine Cytomegalovirus -PCMV.; Suid Gammaherpesvirus 3 = Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 - PLHV-1; PLHV-2; PLHV-3): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  397. Swine Herpesvirus type 2 (Porcine Cytomegalovirus -PCMV-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  398. Swine Herpesvirus type 3 (Suid Gammaherpesvirus 3 = Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 -PLHV-1; PLHV-2; PLHV-3): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  399. Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) (Picornaviridae, Enterovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  400. Taylorella equigenitalis (Contagious equine metritis -CEM-).
  401. Tenacibaculum maritimum.
  402. Theileria annulata (African and Mediterranean theileriosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  403. Theileria equi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  404. Theileria orientalis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  405. Theileria parva - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  406. African or Mediterranean Theileriosis - (see Theileria annulata).
  407. Thelaziosis - Thelazia callipaeda. Ocular parasitism in dogs and cats with risk of transmission to people: Microscopic exam; Molecular identification (PCR and sequencing).
  408. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) - (see Arbovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  409. Toxigenic Clostridia in animal feed: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  410. Toxoplasma gondii – IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  411. Toxoplasma gondii in meat or meat products for consumption - Molecular detection (PCR) and mouse bioassay.
  412. Trichomonas fetus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  413. Trichomonas gallinae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  414. Tritrichomonas fetus (Bovine and feline Trichomonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  415. Trypanosoma evansi (Surra) - Microscopic exam; Experimental inoculation; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  416. Trypanosoma vivax - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  417. Tularemia - (see Francisella tularensis).
  418. Turkey Coronavirus.
  419. Turkey Coronavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  420. Turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR)..
  421. Turkey Rhinotracheitis virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  422. Ureaplasma parvum - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  423. Usutu Virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  424. Vibrio anguillarum.
  425. Vaccinia virus (VACV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  426. Vesicular stomatitis virus.
  427. Vibrio tapetis.
  428. Vibriosis.
  429. Viral Encephalopathy and Retinopathy (VER) (Nodaviridae, Betanodavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  430. Viral Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHDV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  431. Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia of fishes (Rhabdoviridae; Novirhabdovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  432. Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  433. Wesselsbron virus (Arbovirus, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  434. West Nile Fever virus - (see Arbovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  435. White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) (Penaeus monodom, Giant tiger shrimp)
  436. Xenohaliotis californiensis: Molecular detection (PCR).
  437. Yersinia enterocolitica - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of pathogenic strains; Molecular identification of the main O serotypes.
  438. Yersinia ruckeri (Rainbow trout Enteric Red Mouth Disease)