Molecular veterinary Microbiology

  1. Abalone Herpesvirus (dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Simplexvirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR)
  2. Acanthamoeba spp. in freshwater or lesions from animals: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  3. Acanthocheilonema reconditum - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  4. Acariosis - (see Snails-Acariosis-Heliciculture-parasitic pathology in snails Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam).
  5. Acheta domesticus Densovirus (AdDNV) (crickets virus) - Insect Parvovirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  6. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  7. Acute Bee Paralysis virus (ABPV) (+ssRNA, Dicistroviridae, Aparavirus) - Bees: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  8. Aeromonas hydrophila.
  9. Aeromonas salmonicida(fish furunculosis, Tail-rot).
  10. African Horse Sickness virus (AHSV) (Reoviridae, Orbivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  11. African Horse Sickness virus (Reoviridae, Orbivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  12. African swine fever virus (ASFV) (dsDNA, Asfarviridae, Asfivirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  13. Akabane virus (-ssRNA, Bunyavirales, Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  14. Alcephaline Herpesvirus (See: Bovine Herpesvirus; Malignant Catarrhal fever).
  15. American Foulbrood (AFB) of bee: Paenibacillus larvae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  16. Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) (Salmo salar, - Atlantic Salmon -)
  17. Anaplasma bovis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  18. Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  19. Anaplasma platys - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  20. Anaplasma spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing)..
  21. Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma bovis, A.centrale, A.marginale, A.phagocytophilum, A. platys) (see each species).
  22. Ancylostoma spp. (A. caninum, A. braziliense, A. ceylanicum, A. tubaeforme): Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  23. Angiostrongylus vasorum and Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  24. Angullicola crassus (Angullicoides crassus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  25. Animal species in meat or animal proteins in food or feed: Molecular identification (sequencing).
  26. Anisakis spp. - Macroscopic and microscopic exam; Molecular identification of species (see Anisakis spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  27. Anncaliia brachiola (Microsporidia): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  28. Anthrax (see Bacillus anthracis).
  29. Aphthous fever (Foot-and-Mouth disease -FMD-) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Picornaviridae, Aphthovirus): see Foot-and-Mouth disease.
  30. Apicystis bombi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  31. Archaea): Culture; Molecular identification (sequencing).
  32. Arcobacter spp. - (see in the Clinical Microbiology Area: Human and animal pathology interest and in contamination sources -water and food from animal origin-).
  33. Arenavirus (-ssRNA, Arenaviridae): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  34. Arthropods: Molecular identification (sequencing).
  35. Ascosphaera spp., Ascosphaera apis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  36. Astrovirus (see Astrovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  37. Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.): Infectious diseases - Molecular diagnosis (PCR, RT-PCR and Nucleic Acid sequencing).
  38. Aujeszky disease (Ver - Suid Herpesvirus type 1; Pseudorabies; Aujeszky disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  39. Avian Adenovirus group 3 (Egg Drop Syndrome) (dsDNA, Adenoviridae, Adenovirus, Fowl Adenovirus A): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  40. Avian Adenovirus type 1 (Fowl Adenovirus 1) (FAD1= Celo virus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  41. Avian Bornavirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  42. Avian Encephalomyelitis (+ssRNA, Picornaviridae): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  43. Avian Flu - (see Influenza A).
  44. Avian Hemoparasites (Plasmodium spp., Leucozytozoon spp., Haemoproteus spp.)>: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  45. Avian Infectious Bronchitis (Coronaviridae, Gammacoronavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  46. Avian Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus (IBV)
  47. Avian Infectious bursal (AIB) (IBDV: Infectious Bursal Disease virus), Gumboro´s Disease - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  48. Avian Infectious Bursitis (Gumboro´s disease) - (see Infectious bursal disease virus; Gumboro disease).
  49. Avian Influenza - (see Influenza A).
  50. Avian Leucosis virus (subgroups A-E y J): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  51. Avian leukosis virus (ALV).
  52. Avian Leukosis virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  53. Avian metapneumovirus and other species - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  54. Avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma iowae) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  55. Avian Nephritis virus (+ssRNA, Astroviridae, Avastrovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  56. Avian Orthoreovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  57. Avian Paramyxovirus types 1 to 11: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  58. Avian Parvovirus (chicken, turkeys, ducks, ...) (ssDNA with + and - strands, Parvoviridae, Parvovirinae, Aveparvovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  59. Avian Pneumovirus (APV) (-ssRNA, Paramyxoviridae, Pneumovirinae, Metapneumovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  60. Avian Pneumovirus (APV) (-ssRNA, Paramyxoviridae, Pneumovirinae, Metapneumovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  61. Avian Poxvirus - (see Avipoxvirus).
  62. Avian Reovirus (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus, Avian Orthoreovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR). - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  63. Avian Reticuloendotheliosis virus (Reoviridae, Orthoretrovirinae, Gammaretrovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  64. Avian Rotavirus aviar: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  65. Avian trichomoniasis - Trichomonas gallinae y Tetratrichomonas gallinarum: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  66. Avian tuberculosis: see Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
  67. Avibacterium paragallinarum (syn. Haemophilus paragallinarum) – Avian infectious coryza: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  68. Avipoxvirus: Fowl Poxvirus (FWPV), Canary Poxvirus (CNPV), Pigeonpox, Quailpox or other Avipoxvirus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Identification of strain / species (sequencing).
  69. Equine Hepacivirus (EqHV) (+ssRNA; Flaviviridae, Hepacivirus, Hepacivirus A (syn. Canine hepacivirus, Equine hepacivirus, non-primate hepacivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  70. Perkinsus marinus and Perkinsus olseni: Molecular detection (PCR).
  71. Porcine Coronavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  72. Babesia caballi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  73. Babesia canis (B. canis subsp. canis, B. canis subsp. vogeli, B. canis subsp. rossi): Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  74. Babesia divergens - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  75. Babesia gibsoni - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  76. Babesiosis (Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, B.caballi, B.canis canis, B.canis vogeli, B.canis rossi, B.equi, B.felis, B.gibsoni, B. major, B.motasi , B.ovis, B.perroncitoi, B.trautmanni) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species identification (P
  77. Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax): Isolation in culture; Molecular identification (sequencing).
  78. Bacterial Kidney disease of fishes: see Renibacterium salmoninarum.
  79. Bagaza Virus (+ssRNA, Arbovirus, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  80. Balamuthia mandrillaris in freshwater or lesions from animals: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  81. Bartonella bovis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  82. Bartonella clarridgeiae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  83. Bartonella henselae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  84. Bartonella koehlerae: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  85. Bartonella quintana: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  86. Bartonella spp.: Molecular diagnosis (Real-time PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  87. Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  88. Bee Nosemosis (Microsporidia - Nosema apis, Nosema bombi, Nosema ceranae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  89. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum and B. longum subsp. infantis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  90. Birds, identificación of species: Molecular identification (PCR and sequencing).
  91. Birnaviruses (Solea senegalensis - Sole -)
  92. Black Queen Cell virus (BQCV) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Dicistroviridae, Triatovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  93. Bluetongue virus (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Orbivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  94. Bonamia ostreae and Bonamia exitiosa: Molecular detection (PCR).
  95. Border Disease Virus (Flaviviridae, Pestivirus) (Border disease virus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  96. Bordetella avium - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  97. Bordetella bronchiseptica - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  98. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. lusitaniae and other species): IgM and IgG antibodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular species identificacion (sequencing).
  99. Borrelia spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  100. Botulism - Clostridium botulinum (see Clostridium botulinum tests in the specific Clostridium botulinum Area).
  101. Bovine adenoviruses - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  102. Bovine and feline Trichomonosis - (see Tritrichomonas fetus: Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  103. Bovine Coronavirus (+ssRNA,Coronaviridae): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  104. Bovine Enterovirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  105. Bovine Ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) (-ssRNA, Rhabdoviridae, Ephemerovirus, Kotonkon virus (KOTV); Adelaide River virus (ARV), Berrimah virus (BRMV), Kimberley virus (KIMV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  106. Bovine Herpesvirus (Malignant Catarrhal Fever) (I, dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Gammaherpesvirinae, Macavirus, species Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (AIHV-1) and Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OHV-2) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  107. Bovine Herpesvirus type 1: Infectiuos bovine rhinotracheitis (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  108. Bovine herpesvirus type 2 (BHV2).
  109. Bovine Herpesvirus type 2 (Herpesviridae, Simplexvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  110. Bovine Herpesvirus type 5 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  111. Bovine Leukemia virus (ssRNA, Retroviridae, Orthoretrovirinae, Deltaretrovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  112. Bovine Norovirus.
  113. Bovine Papilloma (dsDNA, Papillomaviridae, Deltapapillomavirus, Fibropapillomavirus BPV-1, BPV-2; Epsilopapillomavirus BPV-5; Xipapapillomavirus -epitheliotropic BPVs-, BPV-3, BPV-4, BPV-6: Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequenci
  114. Bovine Papillomavirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  115. Bovine Papular Stomatitis Virus (BPSV) (Parapoxvirus y Pseudocowpoxvirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  116. Bovine Parainfluenza type 3 (PI3) (presently Bovine Respirovirus 3) (-ssRNA, Paramyxoviridae, Respirovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  117. Bovine Parainfluenza virus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  118. Bovine Parvovirus (BPV) (Hemadsorbing Enteric virus) (ssDNA, Parvoviridae, Parvovirinae, Parvovirus, Subspecies BPV-1, -2, -3) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  119. Bovine Piroplasmas - (see Babesiosis).
  120. Bovine Polyoma (dsDNA, Polyomaviridae, Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma and Deltapolyomavirus, presently Orthopolyomavirus, type SV40; Wukipolyomavirus, type KI polyomavirus; Avipolyomavirus, type Avian Polyomavirus): Molecular d
  121. Bovine Polyomavirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  122. Bovine Pseudocowpox virus (Milker´s nodule) (dsDNA, Poxviridae, Parapoxvirus, Pseudocowpox virus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  123. Bovine Pseudocowpoxvirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  124. Bovine Reovirus (Reo: respiratory enteric orphan viruses) (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Spinareovirinae, Orthoreovirus, Mammalian Orthreovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  125. Bovine Respiratory Syncytial (-ssRNA, Pneumoviridae, Orthopneumovirus, Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  126. Bovine Rhinovirus (+ssRNA, Picornaviridae, Enterovirus, Rhinovirus A, B and C): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  127. Bovine Rotavirus (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Seudoreovirinae, Rotavirus, Rotavirus A to I): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  128. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP): Molecular detection in samples of food derivatives, etc.
  129. Brain protein GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein): Detection in animals brain, feed, food.
  130. Branchiomyces spp.-Branchiomycosis (Branchiomyces sanguinis y Branchiomyces demigrans):: Isolation in culture; Molecular identification (sequencing).
  131. Bronchothrix thermosphacta in meat and fishes spoliage: Qualitative or quantitatice culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  132. Brucella abortus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  133. Brucella canis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  134. Brucella melitensis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  135. Brucella ovis - Molecular diagnosis and identification (PCR and sequencing).
  136. Brucella spp.: Interest in human and animal pathology and food contamination - Culture; Antibodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  137. Brucella suis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  138. Bovine Viral diarrhea (BVD) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR)..
  139. Cache Valley virus (Arbovirus, Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  140. Campylobacter spp.( Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  141. Canarypoxvirus (CNPV) - (see Avipoxvirus).
  142. Canine adenovirus type 1 (dsDNA, Adenoviridae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  143. Canine Adenovirus type 2 (dsDNA, Adenoviridae) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  144. Canine Coronavirus (CCoV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  145. Canine Distemper virus (CDV): (see Distemper virus)
  146. Canine Haemoplasmas (Haemotropic Mycoplasmas).
  147. Canine Herpesvirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  148. Canine Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  149. Canine Influenza virus (CIV) (H1N1, cH3N2, cH3N8): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  150. Canine Oral Papilloma (dsDNA, Papillomaviridae) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  151. Canine Oral Papillomavirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  152. Canine Parainfluenza virus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  153. Canine Parvovirus (CPV) (ssDNA, Parvoviridae, Parvovirinae, Parvovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  154. Caprine Adenovirus (Mastadenovirus and Atadenovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  155. Caprine and ovine Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  156. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis virus –CAEV-) and MAEDI-VISNA - Lentivirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  157. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis virus (CAEV) (Retroviridae, Lentivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  158. Caprine Herpesvirus type 1) (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  159. Caprine pustule virus (Capripox virus) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  160. Capripoxvirus - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  161. Carnimonas nigrificans and other microorganisms of brown or black spots in fresh or cured meat products (hams, loins, pepperoni, sausage, ...) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  162. Carnobacterium spp.<7B>: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of species (sequencing); Isolation in culture; Molecular identification of culture.
  163. Carp virus (Spring viraemia).
  164. Chicken Anemia virus (ssDNA, Circoviridae, Gyrovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR)
  165. Chlamydia ovis (previously Chlamydia psittaci ovis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  166. Chlamydophila abortus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  167. Chlamydophila caviae.
  168. Chlamydophila felis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  169. Chlamydophila pecorum.
  170. Chlamydophila pneumoniae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  171. Chlamydophila psittaci - (see Chlamydophila psittaci in the Clinical Microbiology area).
  172. Chronic and acute bee paralisis virus (CBPV y ABPV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  173. Chronic Bee Paralysis virus (CBPV) (Bees) (+ssRNA): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  174. Classical swine fever (Hog cholera, Border disease) (BVD) (Flaviviridae, Pestivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  175. Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) (Hog cholera Virus) (Flaviviridae, Pestivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  176. Claviceps purpurea (Ergotism, Ergot) - (see Ergotism).
  177. Clostridium botulinum - (see Clostridium botulinum testing in the specific test Area).
  178. Clostridium novyi types A, B and C: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  179. Clostridium perfringens (see Clostridium perfringens in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  180. Clostridium tetani - Toxin detection (experimental inoculation and neutralization test); IgG antidodies; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  181. Clostridium tyrobutiricum and related species (Clostridium acetobutyricum, Clostridium beijerinckii, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridium tyrobutiricum): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  182. Coccidiosis (chickens) - (see Eimeria spp.).
  183. Contagious Ecthyma; Pustular Dermatitis; Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  184. Contagious Pustular Dermatitis; Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  185. Corbicula fluminea: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  186. Cowpox (CPXV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  187. Coxiella burnetii in food: Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  188. Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR) (See Coxiella burnetii in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  189. Crithidia bombi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  190. Cryptobiosis (Cryptobia salmositica): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  191. Cryptosporidium parvum.
  192. Cryptosporidium spp. - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  193. Cyanobacteria (Anatoxin, Cylindrospermopsin -CYN/CYL-, Microcystin, Saxitoxin): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  194. Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) (Goldfish).
  195. Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3).
  196. Cystoisospora belli, Cystoisospora canis, Cystoisospora felis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  197. Deformed Wing virus (DWV) (Bees) (+ssRNA, Ifaviridae, Iflavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  198. Dermatophilus congolensis (Dermatophilosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  199. Dirofilaria repens.
  200. Distemper virus (Canine Distemper virus -CDV-) (Morbillivirus).
  201. Distemper virus in humans: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  202. Duck hepatitis A virus 1 (DHAV-1) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Picornaviridae, Avihepatovirus, Avihepatovirus A, Duck hepatitis virus I, Ia, II, III): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  203. Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) (dsDNA, Blubervirales, Hepadnaviridae, Avihepadnavirus, Duck Hepatitis B virus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  204. DWV-A and DWV-B (Deformed Wing virus A and B): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  205. Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL).
  206. Ecthyma contagiosum (Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  207. Egg Drop Syndrome: see avian Adenovirus group 3.
  208. Egg Drop virus syndrome - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  209. Ehrlichia canis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  210. Ehrlichia chaffeensis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  211. Ehrlichia ewingii - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  212. Ehrlichia risticii (currently Neorickettsia risticii) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  213. Ehrlichia spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  214. Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria necathrix, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria tenella: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  215. Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Encephalitozoonosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  216. Endogenous Retrovirus: Molecular diagnosis (reverse transcription for reverse transcriptase presence with BMV or TMV genome).
  217. Entamoeba coli in water or lesions from animals: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  218. Entamoeba histolytica in water or lesions from animals: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  219. Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Microsporidiosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  220. Enterospora nucleophila, Enterospora canceri (Microsporidia): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  221. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
  222. Enterovirus of several animal species.
  223. Epitheliocystis in fishes (Clavochlamydia salmonicola, Piscichlamydia salmonis, Piscirickettsia salmonis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  224. Epitheliotropic Disease virus (EEDV) (Salvelinus naruaycush - Lake trout -).
  225. Epizootic Haemorrhagic disease virus (dsRNA -10 segments-, Reovirales, Reoviridae, Orbivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  226. Epizootic Hematopoietic Necrosis virus (EHNV): Molecular diagnosis.
  227. Epizootic Hemorrhage Disease virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  228. Equine adenoviruses (EAdV), types 1 and 2 (dsDNA, Adenoviridae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  229. Equine Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  230. Equine Herpesvirus type 3 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  231. Equine Herpesvirus type 4 (dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  232. Equine Herpesvirus type 8 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  233. Equine Herpesvirus type 9 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  234. Equine Influenza virus H3N8: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  235. Equine Parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H) (ssDNA; Parvoviridae; Parvovirinae; Copiparvovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  236. Equine Rhinopneumonitis (Equine Herpesvirus types 1 or 4; EHV-1; EHV-4) (Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  237. Equine viral arteritis (+ssRNA, Arteriviridae, Equarterivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  238. Ergotism (Claviceps purpurea, Ergot) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing)
  239. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Strain comparison by MLST.
  240. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  241. Escherichia coli O157: H7 (stx-1 and stx-2 toxins).
  242. European Foulbrood of bees: Melissococcus plutonius - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  243. European X virus.
  244. Falcons: Main infections - Microbiological diagnosis.
  245. Feline Calicivirus (FCV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  246. Feline Coronavirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  247. Feline Haemoplasmas (Haemotropic Mycoplasma).
  248. Feline Herpesvirus type 1 (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  249. Feline Immunodeficiency virus.
  250. Feline Infectious Peritonitis -FIP- (Feline enteric Coronavirus variant) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  251. Feline leprosy (Mycobacterium lepraemurium, M. lepraefelis, M. avium, M. malmoense, M. mucogenicum, ...,): Mycobacterium spp. molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  252. Feline Leukemia virus.
  253. Feline Panleukopenia Parvovirus.
  254. Fish Cardiac and musculoskeletal inflammation (Piscine Orthoreovirus) (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  255. Fish furunculosis (Tail-rot): see Aeromonas salmonicida.
  256. Fish Ichthyophonosis (Ichthyophonus hoferi): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  257. Fish Ichtyobodosis (Ichthyobodo necator and Ichthyobodo salmonis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  258. Fish Pasteurellosis: see Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damsela subsp. damselae.
  259. Fish Photobacteriosis: see Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae.
  260. Fish species - Molecular identification of species.
  261. Fishes, species detection an identification in foods: Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  262. Flavivirus, Arbovirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  263. Flavobacterium columnare (previously Flexibacter columnaris) (Columnaris disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  264. Flavobacterium psychrophilum: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  265. Flexibacter maritimus
  266. Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD, Aphthous fever) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Picornaviridae, Aphthovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  267. Fowl Adenovirus (FAV): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  268. Fowlpox virus (FWPV) - (see Avipoxvirus).
  269. Francisella tularensis, Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis and Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  270. Geobacillus spp.: Quantitative culture; Molecular identification (sequencing).
  271. Gill Necrosis virus (Ictalurus punctatus, -Catfish, Gill Disease-)
  272. Glasser´s disease - (see Haemophilus parasuis).
  273. Gnathostoma spp. (Gnathosthoma spinigerum, Gnathostoma binucleatum, Gnathostoma turgidum, Gnathostoma procyonis and Gnathostoma nipponicum): Identificación molecular (secuenciación).
  274. Goose hemorrhagic Polyomavirus (GHPV) (dsDNA, Sepolyvirales, Polyomaviridae, Avipolyomavirus, Avian polyomavirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  275. Goose Parvovirus (GPV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  276. Gumboro virus disease - (see infectious bursal disease, Avian Infectious Bursitis -AIB-).
  277. Gyrodactilus salaris and Nanophyetus salmonicola in fishes (Platyhelminthes): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  278. Haematopoietic necrosis virus (CyHV-2) (Goldfish)
  279. Haemophilus paragallinarum: see Avibacterium paragallinarum.
  280. Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser disease) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis; Molecular typing of serovars-serotypes by sequencing.
  281. Haemophilus somnus (currently Histophilus somni): see Histophilus somni.
  282. Halotolerant bacteria: Qualitative and/or quantitative culture; Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  283. Heartworm - (see Dirofilaria immitis).
  284. Hematopoietic Necrosis virus - (see Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus).
  285. Hepatitis E virus - (see Hepatitis E virus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  286. Hepatospora spp., Hepatospora eriocheir (Microsporidia): Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  287. Hepatozoon americanus (Canine American Hepatozoonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  288. Hepatozoon canis (Canine Hepatozoonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  289. Hepatozoon felis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  290. Histomonas meleagridis (Histomonosis or histomoniasis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  291. Histophilus somni (previously Haemophilus somnus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  292. Hookworm: Ancylostoma spp. (A. caninum, A. tubaeforme, A. braziliense, A. ceylanicum.) - (see Ancylostoma spp.).
  293. Ictularid Herpesvirus-2 (IcHV-2) (Goldfish).
  294. Infections transmitted from companion animals (pets) (dogs and cats) to people, including children.
  295. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (Bovine Herpesvirus 1) - Vaccine strains with glycoprotein E deletion: see Bovine Infectious Rinotracheitis.
  296. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) (dsDNA, Herpesvirales, Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus, Bovine Herpesvirus 1 -BHV-1): Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Diagnosis of vaccine live strains with gE deletion (sequencing).
  297. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) (dsDNA, Herpesvirales, Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus, Bovine Herpesvirus 1 -BHV-1): Molecular diagnosis (PCR), Vaccine live strains with gE deletion (gE = U58) (sequencing).
  298. Infectious Bursal Disease virus (Gumboro Disease Virus) - (see Avian Infectious Bursitis -AIB-).
  299. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) (Atlantic salmon)
  300. Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis virus of fishes (IHNV)(-ssRNA, Rhabdoviridae, Novirhabdovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  301. Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV): Diagnóstico molecular (PCR).
  302. Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV): Diagnóstico molecular (PCR).
  303. Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis virus (IHHNV) (ssDNA, Parvoviridae, Hamaparvovirinae, Penstylhamaparvovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  304. Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus (dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Alphaherpesvirinae, Iltovirus, Galid Herpesvirus 1) (GalHV1): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  305. Infectious Myonecrosis virus (IMNV) (dsRNA, Totiviridae, Totivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  306. Infectious Myonecrosis virus (IMNV) (Paenid Shrimp Myonecrosis virus) (PsIMNV) (dsRNA, Totaviridae, Totivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  307. Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus of fishes (IPNV) (dsDNA, Birnaviridae, Aquabirnavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR)..
  308. Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis (IPV) (Bovine Herpesvirus type 1) (Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Varicellovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  309. Infectious Salmon Anemia virus (ISA) (Salmo salar -Atlantic Salmon) (-ssRNA, Orthomyxoviridae, Isavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  310. Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis virus (ISKNV).
  311. Influenza A (all types: H1N1, H5N1, H5N2, H7N1, etc.) -Molecular diagnosis and typing (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  312. Insect, identification of species: Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR and sequencing).
  313. Interstitial Nephritis carp virus
  314. Intestinal Adenomatous Hyperplasia (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  315. Iridoviruses (See Linfocistosis; LCDV: Lymphocystis disease virus).
  316. Israeli Acute Paralysis virus (IAPV) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Discistroviridae, Aparavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  317. Jena virus (Norwalk-like) (+ssRNA, Caliciviridae, Norovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  318. Johne´s Disease - (see Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis -MAP-).
  319. Kashmir Bee virus (KBV) (bees) (+ssRNA, Picornavirales, Dicistroviridae, Aparavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  320. Kluyveromyces marxianus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  321. Koi Herpesvirus
  322. Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa, Multivalvulida, Kudoidae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of species (sequencing).
  323. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  324. Lactococcus lactis: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  325. Largemouth Bass virus.
  326. Lawsonia intracellularis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  327. Leishmania spp. - (see Leishmania spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  328. Leporid Herpesvirus 4 (Herpesviridae, Simplexvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  329. Leporid Herpesvirus type 2 - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  330. Leptospira spp. - Culture; Antibodies by microagglutination; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of serovars (sequencing) (See Leptospira spp. in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  331. Listeria monocytogenes - Molecular serotyping of seven major serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 3b, 3c and 4b.
  332. Louping ill virus (LIV) (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  333. Lumpy Skin Disease: (See Nodular Contagiosus Dermatitis).
  334. Lyme Disease - (see Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato).
  335. Lymphocystis Disease Virus - (see Lymphocystosis).
  336. Lymphocystosis (Lymphocystis Disease virus -LCDV-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  337. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) (Arenaviridae, Mammarenavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  338. Macrobranchium rosenbergii Nodavirus (MrNV) (White Tail Disease -WTD-) (+ssRNA, Nodaviridae, Gammanodavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  339. Maedi-Visna virus (Retroviridae, Lentivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  340. Malassezia pachydermatis and other Malassezia species - Antifungal Suceptibility tests.
  341. Malignant Catarrhal Fever; see Bovine Herpesvirus (Malignant Catarrhal fever).
  342. Marek Disease Virus (dsDNA, Alphaherpesvirinae, Mardivirus, Gallid Herpesvirus 2 -GalHV-2): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  343. Marteilia refringens: Molecular detection (PCR).
  344. Meat: Animal meat species - Detection and animal species identification in meat food or animal feed - Molecular methods (PCR and sequencing).
  345. Meat sex, Bovine meat sex - Molecular testing.
  346. Melisococcus plutonius (European foulbrood -Loque-of honey bees -Apis Mellifera-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  347. Melissococcus plutonius: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  348. Mesocestoides spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  349. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in meat products: Culture; Molecular detection of MRSA; Molecular typing SCCmec, ST (MLST) and spa.
  350. Microsporidia spp. - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  351. Mitosporidium daphniae: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  352. Monkey Poxvirus (MPXV): see Poxvirus of animals.
  353. Monocercomonoides spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  354. Morbillivirus (Canine distemper virus -CDV) - (see Distemper virus).
  355. Murine Norovirus.
  356. Murine Parvovirus (Minute virus of mice -MVM-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  357. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis – Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  358. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis -MAP- (Johne´s disease).
  359. Mycobacterium chelonae (Salmonids).
  360. Mycobacterium genavense: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  361. Mycobacterium spp. (Any species).
  362. Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification.
  363. Mycoplasma agalactiae (Contagious agalactia) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  364. Mycoplasma bovis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  365. Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia –CCP-) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  366. Mycoplasma felis (Mycoplasma haemophelis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  367. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Chronic Respiratory disease of poultry; Avian Infectious sinusitis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  368. Mycoplasma gallisepticum: see Avian Mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma iowae).
  369. Mycoplasma goodi.
  370. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Feline infectious anemia; Feline Hemotropic mycoplasmosis) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  371. Mycoplasma haemolamae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  372. Mycoplasma haemominutum (Feline Infectious anemia): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  373. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Porcine enzootic pneumonia) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  374. Mycoplasma hyorhinis - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  375. Mycoplasma iowae . (see Avian mycoplasmosis).
  376. Mycoplasma mycoides - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides.
  377. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype LC (Large colonies) - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and group Mycoplasma mycoides).
  378. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype SC (Small colonies) - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides group).
  379. Mycoplasma putrefaciens - (see Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides group).-
  380. Mycoplasma synoviae - (see Avian mycoplasmosis).
  381. Mycotoxins - Mycotoxicosis-Fungi producers in digestive tract samples of animals, grains, feed, plants, soil, ..., (Ergotism , Aflatoxins, Trichothecenes, Fuminosins, Zearalenone, Ocratoxins>: Fungal cultures; Molecular diag
  382. Myxobolus cerebralis (Salmonidae; Rainbow trout: Oncorhynchus)
  383. Myxoma virus (MYXV) (Myxomatosis) (Poxviridae, Chordopoxvirinae, Leporipoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  384. Myxomatosis (Leporipoxvirus) - (see Myxoma virus).
  385. Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, Myxozoan (Proliferative Kidney Disease, Salmo salar -Atlantic Salmon-).
  386. Naegleria spp. in freshwater or lesions from animals: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species Molecular identification (sequencing).
  387. Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) (= Ganjam virus) (-ssRNA -3 parts: small -S-, medium -M-, large -L-, Bunyavirales, Nairoviridae, Orthonairovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  388. Neoparamoeba pemaguidensis (Amoebic Gill Disease, -Salmonids-).
  389. Neorickettsia risticii (before Ehrlichia risticii) (see Ehrlichia risticii).
  390. Neorickettsia spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  391. Neosporosis (Neospora caninum) - Microscopic exam and molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  392. Neospora hughesi (Protozoan equine meningoencephalitis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  393. Nervous Necrosis - (see Viral Nervous Necrosis -VNN-).
  394. Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) - (see Viral Nervous Necrosis).
  395. Newcastle Disease virus (Avian Paramyxovirus type 1) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  396. Nodavirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR) - Molecular diagnosis.
  397. Nodular Contagious Dermatitis (Lumpy Skin Disease) (dsDNA, Poxviridae, Capripoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  398. Nosema spp., Nosema apis, Nosema bombi, Nosema ceranae: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  399. Orf virus (ORFV) (Ovine Parapoxvirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  400. Ostreid Herpesvirus 1: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  401. Ovine Adenovirus (Mastadenovirus and Atadenovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  402. Ovine Herpesvirus type 2 (Ovine Gammaherpesvirus 2) (dsDNA, Herpesviridae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  403. Ovine Papilloma types 1, 2 and 3 (dsDNA, Papillomaviridae) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  404. Ovine Papillomavirus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  405. Ovine Pulmonary Adenomatosis (Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus -JRSV-) (Retroviridae, Betaretrovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  406. Ovine Respiratory Syncitial virus (-ssRNA, Pneumoviridae, Orthopneumovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  407. Pacheco´s Parrot Disease Herpesviridae, Iltovirus, Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1 to 4 (PsHV-1 to 4)>: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  408. Paenibacillus spp.: Qualitative or quantitative culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  409. Pancreatic disease (PD) (Altlantic Salmon, Salmo salar).
  410. Parainfluenza 5 (Simian virus 5) (-ssRNA, Paramyxoviridae, Respirovirus -types 1 and 3-, Rubulavirus -types 2 and 4-): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  411. Parainfluenza virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  412. Paravaccinia (Pseudocowpox virus) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  413. Partridges and other related birds: Infection in the red-legged partridge, grey and chukar partridges, phaisans and other related gamebirds - Microbiological diagnosis
  414. Parvicapsula minibicornis (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).
  415. Pasteurella multocida and other Pasteurella spp.
  416. Penaeus vannamei Nodavirus (PvNV) (Nodaviridae; Nodavirus) in crustaceans: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  417. Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV, Ovine Rinderpest) (-ssRNA, Mononegavirales, Paramyxoviridae, Morbillivirus, Small ruminant morbillivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  418. Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Photobacterium damsela subsp. damselae - Fish Pasteurellosis (Photobacteriosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  419. Photobacterium phosphoreum - fish spoilage bacteria: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  420. Pig erysipela - (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  421. Piscirickettsia salmonis.
  422. Plasmodium berghei: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  423. Plasmodium gallinaceum – Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  424. Plasmodium knowlesi - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  425. Plesiomonas shigelloides – Culture; identification; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  426. Pneumonia virus of mice -PVM-; Mouse Pneumonia virus -MPV- (Family Paramyxoviridae, Genus Pneumovirus, (-)ssRNA): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  427. Pneumovirus (Avian Pneumovirus -APV-; Bovine respiratory syncitial virus -BRSV-; Pneumonia virus of mice -PVM-) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  428. Porcine Adenovirus (PAV) (dsDNA, Adenoviridae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  429. Porcine Circovirus (ssDNA, Circoviridae, Circovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  430. Porcine Cytomegalovirus (PCMV) (syn. Porcine Herpesvirus type 2) (Suid Herpesvirus type 2 -SuHV-2) (dsDNA, Herpesviridae): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  431. Porcine dysentery - (see Serpulina hyodysenteriae).
  432. Porcine Encephalomyocarditis virus (Picornaviridae, Cardiovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  433. Porcine Enterovirus, Groups I, II and III: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  434. Porcine intestinal adenomatosis (IA) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  435. Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) (ssDNA, Paroviridae, Parvovirinae, Protoparvovirus):- Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  436. Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis).
  437. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  438. Porcine Reproductive Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRS virus) (Arteriviridae, Arterivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  439. Porcine Rotavirus A, B and C (dsRNA, Reoviridae, Seudoreovirinae, Rotavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  440. Porcine Torovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  441. Porcine Torque Teno Virus (TTV) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  442. Poxvirus from animals - Orthopoxvirus (Cowpox -CPXV-, Vaccinia -VACV-, Monkeypox -MPXV-); Parapoxvirus (Orf virus -ORFV-, Bovine Vesicular Stomatitis -BVSV-, Pseudocowpox virus -Paravaccinia-PCPV-, Parapoxvirus of Red Deer in New Z
  443. Proliferative Hemorrhagic Enteropathy (PHE) - (see Lawsonia intracellularis ).
  444. Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) of fishes (Sphaerospora oncorhynci): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  445. Propionibacterium spp. (Propionic bacteria) in cheese: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  446. Prototheca spp.: Interest in human and animal pathology and in enviromental contamination sources (environmental samples, foods and animal samples): Culture; Molecular identification(PCR and sequencing) - (see in the Water Microbiology A
  447. Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) (-ssRNA, Bornaviridae, Orthobornavirus, Parrot Bornavirus 1 (PaBV-1), 2 (PaBV-2), 3 (PaBV-3), 4 (PaBV-4), 7 (PaBV-7): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  448. Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  449. Pseudomonas anguilliseptica (Sparus aurata).
  450. Psittaccine Beaker Feather disease (PBFD) (ssDNA, Circoviridae, Circovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  451. Psittacid Alphaherpesvirus 1-4 (PsHV 1-4): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  452. Psittacid Alphaherpesvirus 1 - 4 (PsHv-1-4) (Pacheco´s Parrot Disease (PPD) (dsDNA, Herpesviridae, Iltovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  453. Psychrophiles Clostridia in meat products (Clostridium estertheticum and Clostridium gasigenes): Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  454. Pustule - (see by species of animals affected).
  455. Rabbit Enteric Coronavirus (Coronaviridae) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  456. Rabbit Kidney Vacuolating agent (RKVA) (Polyomavirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  457. Rabbit kidney Vacuolating virus (RKV) (Polyomavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  458. Rabbit myxoma virus - (see Myxoma virus).
  459. Rabbit Parvovirus (previously Rabbit Haemorrhagic virus) (ssDNA, Parvoviridae, Bocaparvovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  460. Rabbit Poxvirus: see Poxvirus of animals.
  461. Rabbit Rotavirus: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  462. Rabbit Shope Fibroma virus –SFV-) (Poxviridae, Chordopoxvirinae, Leporipoxvirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  463. Rabbitt Hemorrhagic Disease virus (RHDV) (Caliciviridae, Lagovirus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  464. Rabies virus (See Rabies tests in the Rabies tests specific area).
  465. Redspotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV): see Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN).
  466. Renibacterium salmoninarum (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Rainbow trout -; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Bacterial kidney disease).
  467. Reovirus type 3 (Family Reoviridae, Subfamily Spinareovirinae, dsRNA: Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  468. Respiratory and intestinal Coronavirus.
  469. Rhinosporidium seeberi (Rhinosporidiosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  470. Rhodococcus equi: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  471. Riccardoella limacum - (see Snails, Acariosis, Heliciculture, Parasitic pathology in Snails Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam).
  472. Rickettsia spp.: Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Species molecular identification (sequencing).
  473. Rift Valley Fever virus (+/-ssRNA ambisense, -ssRNA segments L y M, +/-ssRNA segment S, Bunyavirales, Phenuiviridae, Phlebovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  474. Rinderpest (-ssRNA, Paramixoviridae, Morbillivirus, Species Rinderpest Morbillivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  475. Rinderpest virus (RPV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  476. River Ross virus (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  477. Rotavirus (Reoviridae, Rotavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  478. Sacbrood virus (SBV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  479. Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serov. pullorum: Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Antibodies to antigens O and H; Molecular comparison of strains.
  480. Salmonid alphavirus (SAV), SAV1 and SAV3 subtypes (Salmo salar).
  481. Saprolegnia spp., (S. parasitica, S. salmonis, S. ferax, S. diclina, S. delica) (Oomycota, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniaceae, Saprolegnia): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  482. Sarcocystis tenella - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  483. SARS Coronavirus: Molecular diagnosis (Real time RT-PCR).
  484. Schmallenberg virus (Arbovirus, Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  485. Screwworm - Cochliomyia hominivorax and Chrysomya bezziana larvae producing miasis: Microscopic exam; Molecular identification of species (PCR and sequencing).
  486. Sendai virus (SV) (Family Paramyxoviridae; Subfamily Paramyxovirinae; Genus Respirovirus; Group V ss(-)RNA): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  487. Serpulina hyodysenteriae (Swine Dysentery): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  488. Sex determination in bovine meat - (see in the "Identification of Animal species in meat or fish products Area).
  489. Sheeppox and Goatpox (SPPV and GTPV) (Capripoxvirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  490. Shewanella putrefaciens (syn. Pseudomonas putrefaciens): Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  491. Simian virus 5: see Parainfluenza 5.
  492. Sleeping Disease virus of salmonids.
  493. Snails-Acariosis-Helicicultura-parasitic pathology in snails. Riccardoella limacum - Microscopic exam.
  494. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Aspergillus spp.: Quantitative culture; Identification.
  495. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Fusarium spp.: Microscopic exam; Culture; Identification.
  496. Snails – Infectious mycotic pathology by Verticillium spp.: Microscopic exam; Identification.
  497. Snails – Infectious pathology by Pseudomonas spp.: Culture; Identification.
  498. Snails – Parasitic pathology by Nematodes: Microscopic exam; Identification.
  499. Sphaerothecum destruens - Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification (sequencing).
  500. Spirometra erinacei, Spirometra mansonoides: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  501. Spironucleus muris (syn. Hexamita muris), Spironucleus barkhanus, Spironucleus meleagridis, Spironucleus salmonicida, Spironucleus salmonis, Spironucleus torosa, Spironucleus vortens: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  502. Staphylococcus pseudointermedius: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  503. Strawberry Coldwater Disease (Oncorhynchus mykiss - Rainbow trout -).
  504. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B) (Bovine mastitis) - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  505. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  506. Swine Influenza virus.
  507. Surra - (see Trypanosoma evansi - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis -PCR-)
  508. Swine erysipela - (see Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  509. Swine Herpesvirus (Suid Alphaherrpevirus 1 - Pseudorabies; Suid betaherpesvirus 2 - Porcine Cytomegalovirus -PCMV.; Suid Gammaherpesvirus 3 = Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 - PLHV-1; PLHV-2; PLHV-3): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  510. Swine Herpesvirus type 1 (Pseudorabies; Aujeszky disease) (Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR)
  511. Swine Herpesvirus type 2 (Porcine Cytomegalovirus -PCMV-): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  512. Swine Herpesvirus type 3 (Suid Gammaherpesvirus 3 = Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 -PLHV-1; PLHV-2; PLHV-3): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  513. Swine Sapelovirus (PEV-8) (+ssRNA, Picornaviridae): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  514. Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) (Picornaviridae, Enterovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  515. Taura Syndrome virus (TSV) (+ssRNA, Dicistroviridae, Aparavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  516. Taylorella equigenitalis (Contagious equine metritis -CEM-): Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  517. Tenacibaculum maritimum (Fish Tenacibaculosis, syn. Flexibacteriosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  518. Theileria annulata (African and Mediterranean theileriosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  519. Theileria equi (previously Babesia equi): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  520. Theileria orientalis - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  521. Theileria parva - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  522. African or Mediterranean Theileriosis - (see Theileria annulata).
  523. Thelaziosis - Thelazia callipaeda. Ocular parasitism in dogs and cats with risk of transmission to people: Microscopic exam; Molecular identification (sequencing).
  524. Tick-borne Encephalitis: see Flavivirus.
  525. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) - (see Arbovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  526. Tick-borne Encephalitis virus (TBEV): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  527. Toxigenic Clostridia in animal feed: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  528. Toxoplasma gondii in meat or meat products for consumption - Molecular detection (PCR) and mouse bioassay.
  529. Trichomonas fetus: Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  530. Trichomonas gallinae - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  531. Tritrichomonas fetus (Bovine and feline Trichomonosis) - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  532. Trypanosoma evansi (Surra) - Microscopic exam; Experimental inoculation; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  533. Trypanosoma vivax - Microscopic exam; Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  534. Tularemia - (see Francisella tularensis).
  535. Turkey Coronavirus.
  536. Turkey Coronavirus (+ssRNA): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  537. Turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus - Molecular diagnosis (PCR)..
  538. Turkey Herpesvirus (Meleagridis Herpesvirus, serotipo 3, Marek disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  539. Turkey Rhinotracheitis virus (Swollen Head Syndrome) (-ssRNA, Paramyxoviridae, Metapneumovirus, Avian Metapneumovirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  540. Ureaplasma parvum - Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  541. Usutu Virus - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  542. Vaccinia virus (VACV) - (see Poxvirus transmitted by animals).
  543. Vesicular Stomatitis virus (>Rhabdoviridae, Vesiculovirus, serotypes New Jersey and Indiana): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  544. Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) (Avian Paramyxovirus type 1: Newcastle Disease virus -NDV-, Strains B1 (Hithner B1; Wester 2C; La Sota): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  545. Vibrio anguillarum (fish vibriosis): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  546. Vibrio anguillarum - Vibriosis.
  547. Vibrio tapetis.
  548. Vibriosis (Vibrio anguillarum, V. fischeri, Aliivibrio salmonicida -syn. V. salmonicida-).
  549. Viral Encephalopathy and Retinopathy (VER) (Nodaviridae, Betanodavirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  550. Viral Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHDV) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  551. Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia of fishes (Rhabdoviridae; Novirhabdovirus) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  552. Viral infections in Crustacea (shrimps, prawns and others)
  553. Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  554. Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) - Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR and sequencing).
  555. Wallemia sebi (xerophilic fungi): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  556. Wesselsbron virus (Arbovirus, +ssRNA, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  557. West Nile Fever virus - (see Arbovirus in the Clinical Microbiology Area).
  558. White Spot Syndrome virus (WSSV) (dsDNA, Nimaviridae, Whispovirus): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).
  559. White Tail Disease (WTD): Macrobranchium rosenbergii Nodavirus (MrNV) and Extra Small virus (XSV) - (see: Macrobranchium rosenbergii Nodavirus -MrNV-).
  560. Xenohaliotis californiensis: Molecular detection (PCR).
  561. Yellow Head virus (YHV) (+ssRNA, Roniviridae, Okavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  562. Yellow Head virus (YHV) (Yellow head) (+ssRNA, Roniviridae, Okavirus): Molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR).
  563. Yersinia enterocolitica - Culture; Molecular diagnosis (PCR); Molecular identification of pathogenic strains; Molecular identification of the main O serotypes.
  564. Yersinia ruckeri (Rainbow trout Enteric Red Mouth Disease): Molecular diagnosis (PCR).